KKN Gurugram Desk | The people of Bihar are currently battling an intense heatwave, with daytime temperatures consistently breaching the 40°C mark across several districts. According to the India Meteorological Department (IMD), the combination of scorching sun and high humidity has created dangerous weather conditions, prompting the issuance of yellow alerts in many parts of the state.

On Monday, May 12, 2025, IMD has forecast heatwave conditions in Patna and seven other districts, warning residents to take extra precautions to avoid heat-related illnesses.

Heatwave Conditions Worsen Across Bihar

As per IMD data, maximum daytime temperatures are expected to hover between 40°C and 43°C in the coming days, with no significant rainfall or cooling breeze expected. Even the brief, sporadic showers occurring during the night in some areas have offered only temporary relief, failing to reduce overall heat stress.

The combination of hot winds (loo) and high humidity is contributing to a dangerous “feels-like” temperature that is several degrees higher than the actual temperature.

Districts Under Yellow Alert

A yellow alert signifies potentially dangerous weather conditions where residents must remain vigilant. The IMD has issued a yellow alert for the following districts:

• Patna

• Sheikhpura

• Bhagalpur

• Banka

• West Champaran

• East Champaran

• Gopalganj

• Chhapra

In addition to the yellow alert zones, several other districts are experiencing extreme heat, though without official warnings. These include:

• Buxar, Bhojpur, Rohtas, Aurangabad, Arwal, Gaya

• Muzaffarpur, Vaishali, Madhubani, Darbhanga, Samastipur

• Siwan, Sitamarhi, Shivhar, Khagaria, Begusarai

• Lakhisarai, Nawada, Nalanda, Jehanabad

• Saharsa, Madhubani, Supaul, Purnia, Araria, Munger, Jamui

Each of these regions has recorded temperatures exceeding 40°C, accompanied by extreme solar radiation and high UV index levels.

Daily Life Disrupted Due to Heatwave

The impact of this relentless heat is being felt across all walks of life:

• Schools in multiple districts have modified schedules or temporarily suspended afternoon sessions to protect students from the harsh sun.

• Outdoor laborers and workers in the agriculture and construction sectors are particularly vulnerable.

• Markets and public spaces are witnessing reduced footfall, especially during peak afternoon hours.

• Electricity demand has surged as people rely more on air conditioners and coolers, straining the power supply system in some areas.

The most affected populations include children, the elderly, and individuals with pre-existing health conditions.

Expert Insight: Why Bihar Is Facing Such Intense Heat

Meteorologists attribute the ongoing heatwave to a combination of atmospheric pressure systems, dry continental winds, and a lack of pre-monsoon rainfall.

According to Dr. Anil Kumar, a senior meteorologist at IMD Patna:

“This is not a normal summer pattern. The upper atmosphere is trapping heat due to the absence of wind movement, and the land is absorbing excessive solar radiation. Until we receive widespread rain, this pattern may continue.”

He also noted that urban heat islands, especially in cities like Patna and Gaya, are further exacerbating local temperatures.

Humidity at Night: Why Relief Remains Partial

Although some areas have witnessed brief rainfall during nighttime, it has not significantly improved conditions. In fact, increased humidity post-rainfall is contributing to a suffocating atmosphere, particularly during early morning and late evening hours.

This high nighttime humidity prevents body cooling during sleep, increasing the risk of heatstroke and dehydration, especially for those without access to fans or air conditioning.

Government Response and Public Advisory

The Bihar State Disaster Management Authority (BSDMA) and local district administrations have issued heatwave advisories urging citizens to take preventive measures:

Safety Guidelines:

• Avoid direct sun exposure between 11 AM and 4 PM.

• Drink plenty of water even if not thirsty.

• Wear lightweight, light-colored, and loose clothing.

• Use caps, umbrellas, or scarves while stepping out.

• Keep ORS (Oral Rehydration Salts) or lemon water handy.

• Avoid strenuous outdoor activities during daytime.

Special instructions have been given to health centers to stay prepared for heatstroke cases, and ambulance services are on standby in high-risk zones.

Schools and Workplaces React

Many schools, especially in Patna, Muzaffarpur, and Darbhanga, have rescheduled morning classes, while some have suspended outdoor activities altogether. Private companies and government offices have also adjusted working hours to reduce the burden of travel during peak heat.

A few districts are even considering declaring summer holidays early if the heatwave persists into late May.

Agricultural Sector Impact: Heat Stress on Crops

While the monsoon is still weeks away, the current weather pattern is also affecting agriculture. Maize and vegetable crops are showing signs of heat stress, particularly in central and western Bihar districts.

Farmers have expressed concern over dry topsoil, reduced germination, and pest infestations due to high temperatures and inconsistent humidity.

Unless pre-monsoon showers arrive soon, the kharif crop cycle may also face delays or damage.

Health Concerns on the Rise

Hospitals across Bihar, especially in urban centers, have reported a surge in patients complaining of:

• Dehydration

• Heat exhaustion

• Skin rashes

• Fainting spells

• Stomach infections due to contaminated water

Public health officials have advised people to consume boiled or filtered water and avoid eating street food, which is more likely to spoil in such temperatures.

When Will Relief Come? Monsoon Still Weeks Away

According to the extended IMD forecast, there is no major change expected in the weather pattern for at least 7 to 10 days. The southwest monsoon is expected to enter Bihar only in the second or third week of June.

Until then, authorities and citizens must brace for continued heatwave conditions.

Bihar is in the grip of a severe climate challenge, and the only way to mitigate the risks is through collective responsibility—from government agencies, civil society, and the general public. As the heatwave intensifies, timely precautions, awareness, and resilience will be key to minimizing its impact.

Residents are urged to follow IMD alerts, practice heat safety, and look out for vulnerable individuals in their neighborhoods, especially the elderly, young children, and outdoor workers.